The McKenzie Approach to Mechanical Spine Pain
Definition:
In the McKenzie approach to mechanical spinal disorder, physical therapy evaluation and treatment are based on a thorough history and movement testing. |
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- A series of test movements and positions are applied in a controlled manner
Symptom behavior is observed before, during and after repeated movement testing.
- The movement/positions which decrease or abolish the symptoms are used as treatment and as the home exercise program, which also includes education in correct posture and body mechanics.
- If no movement or positions can be found to reduce, centralize or abolish the symptoms, then other treatment options will be investigated prior to referring back to the physician for further recommendation.
How is it different:
- Mechanical therapy is superior to traditional therapy,
i.e., hot packs, ultrasound and massage, because it is a dynamic treatment approach which empowers the patient to self-treat vs. providing passive modalities. |
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- It provides education to the patient about what causes their pain, what activities they currently do which contribute to the pain, how to treat themselves and how to prevent future occurrences.
- It is cost effective in that a more efficient treatment can be provided using less treatment visits, without using costly modalities and while educating the patient how to self-treat and prevent future episodes.
- It provides an evaluation tool to determine if the patient's symptoms will benefit from mechanical therapy or if they should be referred for further testing.
Why Use Mechanical Therapy?
- Low-back pain tends to be self-limiting.
- 42% of patients are better in one week
- 86% of patients are better in one month
- 92% of patients are better in two months
- While low back pain is self-limiting, it is also episodic, with recurrences becoming progressively more severe.
- Treatment must be provided while the patient is symptomatic and can learn which movements reduce and which movements produce symptoms
Goals of Mechanical Therapy:
- Reduce pain and deformity
- Maintain the reduction with education and posture
- Recover function
- Prevent future episodes
The McKenzie Institute is a registered charitable trust headquartered in New Zealand.
The USA branch is one of 20 branches worldwide. |
"Centralization of pain was found to occur commonly in patients which low back and leg pain when mechanically evaluated in the manner described by McKenzie. Those patients whose pain centralized had a high incidence of good or excellent treatment outcomes, whereas those whose pain did not centralize had much worse outcomes."
Donelson R, Silva G, Murphy K
"Centralization phenomenon. Its usefulness is evaluating and treatment referred pain." Spine 15(3) 211-213. 1990
"The McKenzie assessment process reliably differentiated discogenic pain (P<0.001) as well as competent from an incompetent annulus (P<0.042) in symptomatic discs and was superior to MRI in distinguishing painful from nonpainful discs."
Donelson R, April C, Medcalf R, Grant W
"A prospective study of centralization of lumbar and referred pain. A predictor of symptomatic discs and annular competence." Spine 22(10) 1115-22. 1997 |